Abstract
The two-phase model of saturated cancellous bones predicts the existence of two longitudinal waves in the materials. The paper disscusses experimental results concerning ultrasonic studies of the slow longitudinal wave. Results available in the literature are reviewed and compared with author's data obtained through broadband ultrasonic spectroscopy. The essential properties of the measured slow wave as well as technical and material difficulties in interpretation of the data are highlighted.Keywords:
saturated porous bone, ultrasonic wave, phase velocity, attenuationReferences
1. M.A. BLOT, Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid saturated porous solid. I. Low frequency range, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 28, 2, 168–178, 1956.
2. S.C. COWIN, Bone poroelasticity, J. of Biomechanics, 32, 558–562, 1999.
3. C F. NJEH et al., The role of ultrasound in the assessment of osteoporosis: A review, Osteoporosis Int., 7, 7–22, 1997.
4. A. HOKOSAWA, T. OTANI, T. SUSAKI, Y. KUBO and S. TAKAI, Influence of trabecular structure on ultrasonic wave propagation in bovine cancellous bone, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 36, 3233–3237, 1997.
5. A. HOKOSAWA and T. OTANI, Ultrasonic wave propagation in bovine cancellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 101, 558–562, 1997.
6. A. HOKOSAWA, T. OTANI, Acoustic anisotropy in bovine cancellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 103, 5, 2718–2722, 1998.
7. E.R. HUGHES, T.G. LEIGHTON, G.W. PETLEY and P.R. WHITE, Ultrasonic propagation in cancellous bone: A new stratified model, Ultrasound in Med. Biol., 25, 811–821, 1999.
8. R. LAKES, H.S. YOON, L. KATZ, Slow compressional wave propagation in wet human cortical bone, Science, 220, 513–515, 1983.
9. C.M. LANGTON and C.F. NJEH, Ultrasonic characterization of a porous solid, cancellous bone, Nondestr. Test. Eval., 14, 257–276, 1998.
10. J. KUBIK, M. KACZMAREK, M. PAKULA, The wide band ultrasonic spectroscopy in studying bones and porous implants, J. of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 37, 3, 579–591, 1999.
11. J.L. WILLIAMS, Ultrasonic wave propagation in cancellous and cortical bone: prediction of some experimental results by Biot's theory, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 91, 5, 1106–1112, 1999.
2. S.C. COWIN, Bone poroelasticity, J. of Biomechanics, 32, 558–562, 1999.
3. C F. NJEH et al., The role of ultrasound in the assessment of osteoporosis: A review, Osteoporosis Int., 7, 7–22, 1997.
4. A. HOKOSAWA, T. OTANI, T. SUSAKI, Y. KUBO and S. TAKAI, Influence of trabecular structure on ultrasonic wave propagation in bovine cancellous bone, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 36, 3233–3237, 1997.
5. A. HOKOSAWA and T. OTANI, Ultrasonic wave propagation in bovine cancellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 101, 558–562, 1997.
6. A. HOKOSAWA, T. OTANI, Acoustic anisotropy in bovine cancellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 103, 5, 2718–2722, 1998.
7. E.R. HUGHES, T.G. LEIGHTON, G.W. PETLEY and P.R. WHITE, Ultrasonic propagation in cancellous bone: A new stratified model, Ultrasound in Med. Biol., 25, 811–821, 1999.
8. R. LAKES, H.S. YOON, L. KATZ, Slow compressional wave propagation in wet human cortical bone, Science, 220, 513–515, 1983.
9. C.M. LANGTON and C.F. NJEH, Ultrasonic characterization of a porous solid, cancellous bone, Nondestr. Test. Eval., 14, 257–276, 1998.
10. J. KUBIK, M. KACZMAREK, M. PAKULA, The wide band ultrasonic spectroscopy in studying bones and porous implants, J. of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 37, 3, 579–591, 1999.
11. J.L. WILLIAMS, Ultrasonic wave propagation in cancellous and cortical bone: prediction of some experimental results by Biot's theory, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 91, 5, 1106–1112, 1999.
